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ELECT THE BESTS POLITICIANS OF ASIA (2007/08)

ÉLISEZ LES MEILLEURS POLITICIENS D'ASIE
Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhammedow, 2nd President of the Republic of Turkmenistan / Président du Turkmenistan
Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhammedow
2nd President of the Republic of Turkmenistan
Président du Turkmenistan
Flag_of_Turkmenistan
 

Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhammedow (Russianized name: Курбанкули (or Гурбангулы) Мяликгулыевич Бердымухаммедов, born June 29, 1957) has been the President of Turkmenistan since December 21, 2006, when he became acting president following the death of Saparmurat Niyazov. On February 14, 2007, Berdimuhammedow was named the winner of the presidential election held three days earlier, and immediately sworn into office.
Berdimuhammedow was born on June 29, 1957 in Babarab in what is now the Gökdepe etrap (district) of Ahal province. He graduated from the Turkmen State Medical Institute and entered a career in dentistry. By 1992 he had become part of the dentistry faculty at the Medical Institute.
In an interview when asked about his life experience Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow said:
"It is too early for me to write a detailed biography. My biography is in many respects typical of people of my generation."
On influencing factors to his character:
"My parents always managed to maintain the hospitable atmosphere in the family. They were happy at an opportunity to communicate openly with people - friends and relatives. They always took active part in the resolving of other people's problems and difficulties...(more)...this necessity in empathy my parents had instilled in me in the childhood influenced, to the considerable extent, my choice to devote my life to medicine...(more)...readiness to help a neighbor is peculiar to the society as a whole, it may characterize the strength and moral health of the nation. The Turkmen literature has many splendid authors who gave the world their immortal works that express the profound Turkmen people's wisdom in a concentrated form. I admire Makhtumkuli, Andalib, Azadi, Kemine... Due to my medical education I read a lot the works of Ibn Sina (Avicenna), a great scholar of the medieval times, with great interest. The expanse of his interests and the depth of the scientist's judgments stroke me. Ibn Sina is a great man not only as a doctor but as a philosopher and thinker as well."
In 1995 under the rule of Saparmurat Niyazov, Berdimuhammedow became head of the dentistry center of the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry. In 1997 he was named Health Minister, and also became Deputy Prime Minister in 2001. The Health Ministry was responsible for carrying out Niyazov's notorious order to close all hospitals outside of the capital city and major regional towns in 2005.
Following the death of Niyazov, who did not name a successor, in December 2006, Berdimuhammedow became the head of the commission to organize Niyazov's state funeral. This immediately led to speculation that he was a front-runner in the race to appoint a successor to Niyazov in the power vacuum that followed his death.
The State Security Council of Turkmenistan appointed Berdimuhammedow acting president. The Council stated in its announcement that Öwezgeldi Ataýew, who as the Chairman of the Assembly of Turkmenistan was to become the acting president, was not appointed "in view of the fact that the prosecutor-general had instituted criminal proceedings against him."
Under Article 60 of the Turkmen Constitution, which stipulated that the acting president "may not stand for election to the Presidency", Berdimuhammedow would not have been allowed to run as a candidate in the 2007 presidential elections. However, on December 24, 2006 People's Council voted to remove this provision, making him eligible for the election as one of the six chosen candidates, all members of the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan. Berdimuhammedow was supported by the current elite, and the official results showed him as winning 89% of the vote. Berdimuhammedow made his first official visit abroad after becoming president to Saudi Arabia in mid-April 2007. There he performed the pilgrimage umrah, and met with King Abdullah. He then visited Russia and its president Vladimir Putin at the end of the same month.

Religious sentiment

In April 2007, Berdimuhammedow visited Islamic holy sites in Medina.
"A human being always communicates with God ."
- Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow
World press view and rumours
Moscow's Kommersant daily reported opposition leaders as describing Berdimuhammedow as weak-willed and wielding little influence.
Because of his 'uncanny resemblance' to Niyazov, many Turkmens believed Berdimuhammedow was the former President's illegitimate son. Observers said the rumours were spread to lend legitimacy to Berdimuhammedow's hold on power.
Some sections of the media criticised the elections: Radio Free Europe described the elections as "neither free nor fair", and the International Crisis Group described it as "blatantly falsified".

 

 

FRANÇAIS
 

Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhammedow (en turkmène ; en russe : Гурбангулы Мяликгулыевич Бердымухаммедов, translittéré en Gourbangouly Mialikgoulyïevitch Berdymoukhammedov, la forme la plus souvent employée), est, depuis le 14 février 2007, le président du Turkménistan, né en 1957.
Dentiste de formation, il devient directeur du département chargé des soins dentaires du ministère de la Santé en 1995. Il est ensuite nommé ministre de la Santé et de l'Industrie médicale le 28 mai 1997, puis vice-président du Conseil des ministres chargé de la Santé, de l'Éducation et des Sciences le 3 avril 2001 dans le gouvernement de Saparmyrat Nyýazow. C'est lui qui organisa en 2004 la politique de santé imaginée par le président : supprimer les hôpitaux de campagne et 15000 emplois médicaux pour faire des économies budgétaires.
Alors que les portefeuilles ministériels changeaient constamment de main, Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow devenait le doyen du gouvernement. Son silence en public et son absence de charisme lui ont valu d'être surnommé l'"ombre" de Saparmyrat Nyýazow, d'autant qu'avec ses cheveux noirs et son visage large, il ressemble au président.
À la mort de Saparmyrat Nyýazow, le 21 décembre 2006, il est chargé de diriger la commission qui doit organiser les funérailles du président. À l'époque soviétique, celui à qui était confiée cette tâche était généralement le successeur officieux du défunt.
La Constitution turkmène prévoit qu'en cas de décès du président, c'est au président de l'Assemblée populaire (le parlement) d'assurer l'intérim à la tête de l'État. Öwezgeldi Ataýew aurait dû assurer l’intérim mais la justice a, immédiatement après la mort de Nyýazow, ouvert une enquête sur ses éventuelles activités criminelles. Öwezgeldi Ataýew a donc vu sa prise de fonctions bloquée, et le Conseil de sécurité a nommé Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow président par intérim.
Selon l'alinéa 2 de l'article 60 de la Constitution turkmène, le président par intérim ne pouvait pas être candidat à l'élection présidentielle. Après une modification constitutionnelle Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow a pu se présenter avec cinq autres candidats désignés par le Conseil du peuple le 26 décembre 2006.
Ayant recolté 89,23% des suffrages lors des élections prédidentielles tenues le 11 février 2007, face à cinq autres candidats, le 14 février 2007 Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow a prêté serment et est officiellement entré dans ses fonctions de chef de l'Etat turkmène. Le nouveau président turkmène a promis de promouvoir l'entreprise privée, de conserver les avantages sociaux pour le peuple et de créer de nouveaux emplois.

 
Location Turkmenistan
Map / Carte Turkmenistan

From Wikipedia.org

 

 
ELECT THE BEST PRESIDENT OF PRIME MINISTER
 

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